Manufacture of paper bags.



. D. APPEL. MANUFAGTUfE OF'PAPER BAGS.

APPLIUATION FILED DBO. 21, 1911.

- Patent-,ea Jun@ 18, 1912.

DANIEL APPEL, OF EAST CLEVELAND, OHIO, A SSIGNOR TO UNION '.PAIER BAG MACHINE COMPANY, OF Il?:El:ILAI)E1'.|'.PIBI]'.A,w PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYL- VANIA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

To all whom t may concern.

Be it known that I, DANIEL APPEL, a citizen of the United States, residing at East Cleveland, in the county of .Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented new and Figure 1 is a perspective view of the bagv blank in rectangular form, showing the location of the four `slits in the bellows sides. Fig. v2 is a plan view, Fig. 3 a side view, and Fig. 4 an end view of the blank of Fig. 1, with its bellows sides collapsed to flatten the blank. Fig. 5 is a plan `)view, Fig. 6 a side view, and Fig. 7 anl end view of the blank with the bottom end partially folded,

' the two side flaps beingsprad outwardly,

and the two end iaps drawn toward each other. Fig. 8 is a plan view illustrating a further step in the folding operation, the end flaps being folded to final position, while the,v Side flaps are yspread. flatly outward. Fig. 9 is a planlvlew, showing the bag bottom completed, with the side iiaps folded down upon the end flaps. Fig. 10 is a perspective viewfof the bottom end of the completed 'bag in opened form. Fig. 11 is aperspective view of the inside of the bag bottom, the body portion being broken away to show the interior arrangement of the bottom folds. arrangement of the slits in the bellows sides of the tube.

In carrying out this process the tubular blanks 12 are made in any well known way, preferably by tubing machines in which a web of paper is drawn from a roll and formed into a continuous tube from which the blanks 12 are successively severed. The slits 15 are more conveniently made when the blank or tube is in more or less opened or expanded 4condition, while passing through the tube forming apparatus, before being collapsed and flattened tothe form shown in Figs. 2, 3 and f1. Greases 20 and Fig. 12 shows a modifiedl Application led December 21, 1911. Serial No. 667,120.

21 are preferably made in the flattened blank to locate and facilitate the making of the subsequent bottom folds, the crease 20 being the line of the well-known primary transverse fold, while the crease 21 is atthe location of the bottom corners of the completed bag. The bottom end of the blank is then opened to the form shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7 by separating the upper and lower plies 16 and 17, and spreading flatly outward the bellows side plies, unfolding them from their V form to a flattened form and defining the inclined sides 6 and 7 of the inner triangular folds 23 and 24, the continuations of which form the iat tabs 18 and 19 of the side liaps. A line or band of paste 25 is applied to one of the end aps 16 or 17 between the portions thereof which are to be interlapped, so as to ultimately paste these interlapped portions together. This line of paste may be applied at any convenient time, either before or during the l bottom forming operations. This paste line is herein shown to be applied upon the outside of the end iaps, since that flap is in this case intended to be folded beneath its companion end iiap 17. As the bellows side plies are spread outwardly to the position shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7, they unfold smoothly, and easily, in a natural way from their folded V form into a flattened form. The remaining unslitted ortion of the side fiaps, at the inner ends of) the slits 15, serve as 'a connection between the end and side flaps, by means of which each assists the other in their respective normal folding movements. Hence the folding down of the end flaps tends to push the side flaps outwardly, and conversely, the outward folding movement if applied to the side flaps' tends to draw the end iiaps 16 and 17 toward each other, as illustrated in Figs. 5 andv 6. Therefore, the folding instrumentalities used for performing this step of the process may be applied either to the end flaps, to fold them together, or to the side flaps, to spread them apart, or to both together. In any case, the respective flaps are flattened down to the condition shownl in Fig. 8, in which state lines or bands 26 and 27 of paste are applied upon the outer surfaces of the end flaps 16, or upon correspondin portions of the side aps. These side aps are then folded over on their hinge lines 28 and 29, down upon the end flaps, thus defining the outer sides of the triangular folds 23 and 24 and completing the rectangular bottom of'the bag, as shown in Fig. 9.

The slits are disposed in generally.

.longitudinal relation to the bag blank.

They may, however, be slightly curved, or may be inclined as shown by the slits 30 in F ig. 12. These slits are located in the four plies of the bellows-sides between the longitudinal fold lines of those plies, so that the middle portions of the bellows sides between the slits will when spread outwardly, as shown in Figs. 5 and 7, form the flat single ply tabs 18 and19; while the remainingmarginal portions 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the bellows side plies 4which are separated from the tabs by the slits, remain integrally connected with the upper and lower plies of the blank. Therefore, .when these plies are folded downwardly to form the end flaps 16 and 17 of the bag bottom, their marginal extensions 8, 9, 10 and 11, severed from the bellows side plies by the slits, will extend across and beyond the fold or hinge lines 28 and 29 of the side flaps, thus reinforcing the hinge and base portions thereof; and also formin a safety seal for these edges of the bag ottom and precluding the formation of Aholes in the corners of the bag, which would occur if the slits 15 were made coincident with those corners.

The width of the tabs 18 and 19, which is determined by the distance apart of the slits 15,' may be varied. I prefer, however, to make these tabs Wider than the interlapped portion of the end iiaps 16 and 17, in order that the tabs when pasted down u'pon the bottom of the bag shall extend wider than the interlapped portion, thereby further reinforcing the bottom of the bag. Moreover, this relatively wide slitting of the bellows sides also greatly facilitates the operations of folding the bag bottom, since it frees from undue restraint of each other the side plies which have to be folded in It enables the ends of and end d1verse d1rect1ons.

the bellows-side plies to open freely to a at form, as they are folded outwardly in the longitudinal development of the0 inner triangular foldsV 23 and 24, without undue restraint from the end plies 16 and 17, while the remaining unsevered connection with those end plies tends to draw themtoward each other in the direction of their intended folding movement as the bellows sides are folded outwardly, as illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6. This location of the slits and the order or sequence of the folding operations .outward during the initial development 'of the triangular folds before cross folding them along the hinge lines of the side iaps, the V- shaped bellows folds are unfolded naturally all the way to their bottom ends. In the ordinary commercial manufacture of this t-ype of bag, the flap forming portions of theseside folds are cross-folded inwardly upon their hin e lines contemporaneously with the unfoldlng of the side plies .and the development of theitriangular folds, so that all three sides of the triangular folds are made at the same time and by the same step in the folding operat-ion. The V-shaped formation of the partly unfolded bellows plies resists this contemporaneous cross folding, and results in frequent buckling and distortion of the resultant bottom folds; whereas by the present process, the bellows side folds are fully unfoldedand flattened out before cross folding them at the hinge lines, thus dividing the formation of the triangular folds into a two-stage operation, separated by the operation of folding down the end'flaps, thereby simplifying and perfecting each step in the operation without increasing the number of steps, or the time required for the entire folding operation.

I claim as my invention 1. The process of making a flat bottomed paper bag vfrom a bellows-slded tube, which consists in making a longitudinal slit in the bottom forming end of each of the four bellows sided plies between the inner and outer fold lines of those plies; then opening'the bottom end of the tube and flattening the bellows sides thereof outwardly to form single ply side flaps; then folding down the remaining portion of the bottom end of the tube to form the end flaps of the bottom, and marginal extensions thereof overlapping the bases of t-he side liaps; then folding the said `side' liaps with the said overlapping marginal portions down upon the end iaps to complete the bottom of the bag.

2. The process of making a flat bottomed paper bag from a bellows-sided tube, which consists in forming two longitudinal slits in the bottom forming ends of each of the bellows sides of the tube, then opening the said bottom ends of the tube and spreading the bellows sides thereof outwardly to develop the inclined sides of the triangular folds and form bottom-forming side flaps terminating in single ply tabs consisting of the paper lying between the slits of the respective bellows sides, then folding the remaining portions of the bottom end of the tube toward each other to form interlappingend flaps, havingmarginal extensions which project beyond the sides-of the bag .and partl overlap the' side iiaps, and then foldmg t e said side fiaps over upon the said end flaps to complete the bottom.

3. The process of making a flat bottomed paper bag from a bellows-sided tube, which consists 1n forming a longitudinal slit in the bottom end of each of the four plies of the bellows sides, then opening the bottom end of the blank, and spreading the said bellows side plies outwardly and flattening them toform the inner inclined sides of the characteristic triangular folds and the side flaps for the bottom, the said side flaps each terminating ina fiat, single-ply tab the sides of which are defined by the said slits, then folding and pasting the end aps together to form connected inner plies for the bottom, then folding and pasting the side flaps with their single-plytabs flatly down upon the end iaps to form the outer'sides of the triangular folds and complete the flat bottom of the bag. i

4. The process of making a fiat bottomed bellows-sided paper bag from a bellows- -sided tube, which consists Ain making a longitudinal slit in the bottom forming end of litigi each of the four bellows-sided plies between the inner and outer fold lines of those plies; then opening the bottom end of the tube and attening the bellows sides thereof outwardly to define the inner inclined sides of the triangular folds and develop iiat side fiaps for the bottom, terminating in single- 4ply tabs formed of the portions of the bellows plies situated between the said slit-s;`

then folding down and pasting togetherthe vend iaps to fo'rm the inside plies of the bottom; then folding and pasting the side flaps upon the'said end flaps, to define the outer sides of the triangular folds and form the outside plies of the bottom.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses,

, DANIEL APPEL. Witnesses:

WM. H. Homes, CAROLINE M. BRECKLE. f 

